名句在线查询

《表弟程德孺生日》是苏轼在宋代创作的一首诗词。以下是对该诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

表弟程德孺生日，
On the birthday of my cousin Cheng Deyu,

朝代：宋代，作者：苏轼。
Dynasty: Song Dynasty, Author: Su Shi (Su Dongpo).

内容：仗下千官散紫庭，
Amidst the dispersal of a thousand officials from the purple court,

微闻小语说苏程。
I faintly hear whispers mentioning Su Cheng (referring to the poet).

长身自昔传甥舅，
Our tall figures have been recognized as uncle and nephew since ancient times,

寿骨遥知是弟兄。
Our longevity is known from afar, confirming our brotherhood.

（予与君皆寿骨贯耳，班列中多指予二人不问而知其为中表也。）
(Both you and I have the longevity that can be recognized at a glance, signifying our relationship as distant relatives. This refers to the fact that our names are listed together and people can easily recognize our relationship without asking.)

曾活万人宁望报，
Having saved ten thousand lives, I seek no reward,

（君在楚州，予在杭州，皆遇饥岁，活数万人。）
(You were in Chuzhou, I was in Hangzhou, both of us experienced famine years and saved tens of thousands of people.)

只求五亩却归耕。
I only desire to return to my five-acre farm and resume farming.

四朝遗老凋零尽，
The elderly from four reigns have withered away and disappeared,

鹤发他年几个迎。
How many of us will have white hair to welcome the coming years?

诗意和赏析：
这首诗词是苏轼表达对表弟程德孺的赞美和思念之情。诗人描述了自己和程德孺的亲属关系，并通过自己和表弟共同的经历来突出他们之间的深厚情谊。

诗的开头，诗人谈到了朝廷官员散场后的场景，暗示了诗人和表弟程德孺都有一定的地位和影响力。接着，诗人称赞程德孺，表达了对他的赞赏和喜爱。

接下来，诗人提到自己和程德孺在困难时刻挺身而出，救助了数万人。这表现了诗人高尚的品德和无私的奉献精神。然而，诗人并不追求任何回报，只希望能够回到自己的五亩田地，过上平静宁和的生活。

最后两句表达了对年迈的人们的关切，诗人思考自己和程德孺的未来，托物寓情地以鹤发来象征老年。诗人在这里表达了对时间流逝和人生短暂的思考，以及对未来的不确定性和对友谊的珍惜之情。

总体而言，这首诗词通过对表弟程德孺的赞美和对自己和程德孺关系的描绘，表达了诗人的友情、家国情怀以及对人生意义的思考。它展示了苏轼细腻的情感表达和对生活的独特洞察力，具有深刻的人文情怀和思想内涵。